The global cancer burden is a significant public health concern that should be given immediate attention. Over 35 million new cancer cases are predicted in 2050, a 77% increase from the estimated 20 million cases in 2022, according to the latest estimates by the World Health Organisation (WHO)’s cancer agency.
In India, cancer incidence rates are increasing at an alarming rate. According to a study, published in the Indian Journal of Public Health, cancer cases are expected to rise by 12% in the next five years.
Cancer is a disease in which some of the body’s cells start growing uncontrollably and spread to other parts of the body. It can start anywhere and can disrupt the orderly process of cell division.
To tackle this rising burden globally, experts have been advocating significant lifestyle modifications that can lower the chance of developing cancer.
Dr Mridul Malhotra, Sr. Consultant & Head – Medical Oncology, Asian Hospital Faridabad told IndiaToday.In, “The link between certain lifestyle habits and various types of cancer goes beyond smoking tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption. Even some lesser-known factors have a role in the development of many cancers.”
Obesity
Obesity is a significant risk factor for cancer development. “Studies have linked it to an increased likelihood of breast, colorectal, pancreatic, and kidney cancers,” said Dr Mridul Malhotra.
Lack of Physical Activity
Dr Vidhe Sharma, Consulting Physician, Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, said that being inactive or lack of movement can increase cancer risk as well. It increases the risk of getting breast, colon, and endometrial cancers.
Excessive Sun Exposure
Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds increases the risk of skin cancer, including melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer.
Unhealthy Diet
An unhealthy diet that is high in fat, and low in fibre may increase the risk of many cancers including bowel, lung, prostate and uterine cancers.
“A diet high in processed or red meats, such as bacon or ham, can raise your risk of getting some types of cancer. Also, excess fats, proteins, and calories in your diet might raise your risk of getting cancer,” said Dr Malhotra.
Besides this, excessive salt intake over a long period has been linked to stomach and gastrointestinal cancers, the expert added.
Stress
Chronic stress can have disastrous effects on your health, including an increased risk of cancer.
Poor Oral Hygiene
“Chronic inflammation and infections in the mouth, often associated with poor oral hygiene, have been linked to an increased risk of oral cancers,” said Dr Vidhe Sharma.
Occupational and Environmental Exposures
Exposure to certain chemicals and toxins in the workplace or environment, such as asbestos, benzene, and radon, can increase the risk of various cancers.
Dr Malhotra cautioned, “Exposure to pesticides frequently present in fruits and vegetables cultivated conventionally have been related to certain cancers.”
Infections
Certain infections, such as human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B and C viruses, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), are linked to an increased risk of specific cancers, including cervical, liver and stomach cancers.
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Rohit Malhotra is a medical expert and health journalist who offers evidence-based advice on fitness, nutrition, and mental well-being. His articles aim to help readers lead healthier lives.
