Across the globe, more than 39 million people are living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS, including more than 1.3 million new HIV diagnoses last year. The majority of those afflicted -; approximately 76% -; have access to antiviral therapy that allows them to live with HIV as a chronic …
Cleveland Clinic researchers have identified a new pathway that contributes to cardiovascular disease associated with high levels of niacin, a common B vitamin previously recommended to lower cholesterol. The team, led by Stanley Hazen, M.D., Ph.D., discovered a link between 4PY, a breakdown product from excess niacin, and heart disease. Higher circulating levels of 4PY …
A range of reproductive factors, including age when periods first start and an early menopause, are all linked to a heightened risk of COPD—the umbrella term for progressive lung conditions that cause breathing difficulties—finds research published online in the journal Thorax. Miscarriage, stillbirth, infertility, and having 3 or more children are also associated with a heightened …
In a recent study published in Nature Medicine, a group of researchers evaluated the impact of vegan and ketogenic diets on immune response and gut microbiota in humans. Study: Differential peripheral immune signatures elicited by vegan versus ketogenic diets in humans. Image Credit: Boontoom Sae-Kor/Shutterstock.com Background Nutrition significantly influences physiological processes, including immune regulation, offering …
In a recent narrative review published in Nutrients, researchers discuss the evidence arguing for the efficiency and safety of 2000 international units (IU), i.e., 50 micrograms (µg) of vitamin D supplementation per day to prevent and treat vitamin D deficiency in the general adult population. Study: Vitamin D Supplementation: A Review of the Evidence Arguing for a Daily …
In a recent study published in BMC Public Health, a group of researchers estimated the global and regional prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in individuals aged 40 and above, using spirometry and comparing two diagnostic criteria: fixed ratio (FR) and lower limit of normal (LLN). Study: Estimating the global prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary …
In a recent study published in the journal BMC Medicine, researchers compared the rate of new diagnoses among United Kingdom Biobank (UKBB) individuals who received the National Health Service (NHS) health evaluation to those who did not. The NHS medical evaluation is a preventative initiative that began in 2009 to assess cardiovascular disease risk and …
In a recent cohort study published in the British Medical Journal, researchers investigated the risk of cause-specific and all-cause mortality in Swedish individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as compared to matched unaffected individuals or siblings. They found that the risk of mortality in individuals with OCD was majorly contributed to by external causes such as …
In a recent article published in the journal Medicina, researchers review advancements in migraine therapy, specifically the classification of the disease and the clinical and diet intervention advancements aimed at significantly reducing the frequency, pain, and severity of attacks. They highlight progress in calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) research and the role of CGRP antagonists in …
Scientists have conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of paracetamol and ibuprofen in treating episodic tension-type headaches. The research paper is published in the journal Scientific Reports. Study: Paracetamol versus ibuprofen in treating episodic tension-type headache: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Image Credit: Artem Furman / Shutterstock Background Tension-type headache is the …